Napoleon dominated Europe, but Spain and Portugal became his greatest military disaster. The Peninsular War turned into an ...

In many ways, the marriage of Napoleon and Josephine Bonaparte from 1796 to 1809 mirrored the tumultuous time in which they became emperor and empress of France. More than 200 years later ...

He nonchalantly added, "I am sunburned." In October 1809, Francis I signed a peace treaty with Napoleon. Their terms of the agreement were very favorable to the Emperor of the French — three ...

They were the most feared men in Napoleon’s army ... formed between 1806 and 1809; and finally the Young Guard. The Imperial Guard grew from 8,000 in 1805 to 80,000 in 1812.